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1 . PRODUCT AND MANUFACTURE
Product Name: Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Chemical Name: Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Molecular Formula: (CH3)2SO
Molecular Weight: 78.13
Manufacturer: PANJIN XINXING CHEMICAL PLANT
XINXING TOWN, DAWA COUNTY, PANJIN CITY,
LIAONING PROVINCE, CHINA
TEL: +86-427-7868818(8:00am - 17:00pm CST)
+86-427-6813222(Night)
+86-427-6811256(Weekends)
FAX: +86-427-6813222
2 . COMPOSITION INGREDIENTS
Materials: Dimethyl Sulfoxide
CAS No.: 67-68-5
Weight: 99.8%min
3 . HAZARDS INDENTIFICATION
WARNING! COMBUSTIBLE LIQUD AND VAPOR
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE: Clear liquid
ODOR: Essentially odorless
EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE:
General:
Dimethyl Sulfoxide has shown very few toxic symptoms in humans.
The most common are nausea, skin rashes and an unusual garlic-
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onion-oyster smell on body and breath.
Inhalation:
High vapor concentrations may cause headache, dizziness, and
sedation.
Eyes:
Low hazard for usual industrial handling or chemical handling by
trained personel.
Skin:
Stinging and burning of the skin as well as rashes and vesicles have
been seen. A heat reaction may occur if applied to wet skin. Avoid
contact with DMSO solutions containing toxic material or materials
whose toxicological properties are not known since DMSO may penetrate
the skin under certain conditions and may carry such materials into
the body.
Ingestion: Expected to be a low ingestion hazard.
4 . FIRST AID MEASURES
NOTE:
Never give fluids or induce vomiting if patient is unconscious or is having
convulsions.
General Advice:
Remove contaminated clothing promptly (launder before reuse).
Skin Contact:
Wash contaminated skin with water. See a doctor if irritation
persists.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Do following the doctor¡¯s advise.
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Inhalation:
Remove the victim to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, provide artificial
respiration. Keep the victim warm and take the patient to hospital.
5 . FIRE-RIGHTING MEASURES
Combustible Liquid
Flash Point and Method:
89¡æ(192¨H) closed cup
95¡æ(203¨H)open cup
Flammable Limits (% in air):
LEL: 3.0-3.5% by volume
UEL: 42-63% by volume
Auto ignition Temperature: 300-302¡æ(572-575¨H)
Extinguishing Media: Foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, water spray.
Special Protective Equipment for Fire-fighters:
wear a self contained breathing apparatus.
Special Exposure Hazards:
Burning dimethyl sulfoxide produces poisonous gases (sulfur oxides). Wear
gloves, self-contained breathing apparatus, and rubber suit.
Spill, Leak, or Release:
Note: Review sections 3, 4, and 5 of this MSDS before proceeding with clean
up. Use appropriate personal protective equipment during clean up.
6 . ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Personal Precautions:
In case of mist formation use a respirator.
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Environmental Precautions:
If a spill or leak occurs, immediately consult the environmental supervisor.
Remove ignition sources. Ventilate the area. Do not breathe the vapor or
get liquid in eyes or on skin/clothing.
Spill Clean-up Methods: Waterways.
7 . HANDLING AND STORAGE
Usage/Handling Precautions:
Keep away from sources of ignition. Do not smoke. Do not breathe vapor or
mist. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, or clothing.
Storage Precautions:
Keep container tightly closed in a well ventilate place. Freezes
(solidifies) at 18.3¡æ(65¨H).
8 . EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION
Ventilation:
Good general ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be
matched to conditions. Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation,
or other engineering controls to maintain ventilation.
Respiratory Protection:
In case of mist formation use a respirator. Respirator type: organic vapor.
Eye Protection:
Tightly fitting safety goggles.
Recommended Decontamination Facilities:
Eye bath, washing facilities.
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9 . PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Physical Form: liquid
Color: colorless
Odor: essentially odorless
Odor Threshold: not available
Specific Gravity: 1.101 at 20¡æ(68¨H)(water=1)
Vapor Pressure: 0.55 mbar (0.46 mmHg) @ 20¡æ(68¨H)
Vapor Density (Air=1): 2.7
Evaporation Rate (n-butyl acetate=1): 0.026
Melting Point: 18.3¡æ(65¡æ)
Viscosity at 25¡æ (77¨H): 2.0mPa.s or cP
Solubility in water at 20¡æ: miscible
Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: logP=-1.35
Sensitivity to Static Discharge:
Material is unlikely to accumulate a static charge which could act as an
ignition source.
Flash point and method:
89¡æ (192¨H) closed cup
95¡æ (203¨H) open cup
Flammable Limits (in air):
LEL: 3.0-3.5 % by volume
UEL: 42-63 % by volume
Auto-ignition Temperature: 300-302¡æ (572-575¨H)
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Stability: Stable
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Conditions to avoid: Prolonged heating above 150¡æ
Materials to avoid:
Organic and inorganic acid chlorides, strong oxidizing agents, alkali
metals, hydrobromic acid, acidic solutions of alkali bromides.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl
disulfide.
Hazardous Polymerization: will not occur.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Data for Dimethyl Sulfoxide:
Acute Toxicity Data:
Oral LD-50 (male rat): 14,500-28,300 mg/kg
Inhalation (rat): No mortality rate @ 2,900 mg/m3(900ppm)/24hrs
Dermal LD-50 (rat): 40,000 mg/kg
Skin Irritation (human): Mild
Repeated Skin Application (human): Slight irritation
Subchronic Toxicity Data:
Oral Study (13 weeks, rat):
LOEL (lowest observed effect level)=8,800 mg/kg/day
Minor target organ effects: liver
Reduced body weight gain: NOEL (no observed effect level)=1,100 mg/kg/day
Inhalation Study (6 weeks, rat): NOEL=60ppm
12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Introduction:
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This environmental effect summary is written to assist in addressing
emergencies created by an accidental spill which might occur during
shipmen or handling of this material. It is not meant to address discharges
to sanitary sewers or publicly owned treatment works.
Aquatic Toxicity:
The LC50 (96 hrs) for ten species of fish range from 32,500 to 43,000 ppm.
The LC50 for two species of protozoans is 32,000 and 38,000 ppm. The
concentration required to inhibit growth (EC50) for five species of
blue-green algae and one green algae species ranged from 0.4 to 4.0%. DMSO
is non-bio-accumulating since the log of the octanol/water partition
coefficient is ¨C1.35.
Phytotoxicity:
Soaking tomato, cucumber, and bean seeds for 18hrs in up to 8% DMSO solutions
had no effect on germination rate. DMSO has no effect on the growth rate
of corn when sprayed on at rates up to 136L/acre. When diluted with a large
amount of water, release of DMSO, directly or indirectly, to the
environment is not expected to have significant effect.
Biological Oxygen Demand:
Theoretical Oxygen Demand at 10ppm: 123mg oxygen
Chemical Oxygen Demand at 10ppm: 107mg/l
Biological Oxygen Demand-5 at 10ppm: <1.0mg/l
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Disposal Methods
Water Disposal:
Dilute and flush to an approved wastewater treatment system. Bacterial
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decomposition of dimethyl sulfoxide during wastewater treatment can
result in the release of dimethyl sulfide (a volatile substance with a
strong disagreeable odor). Waste DMSO can also be incinerated in an
approved furnace where permitted. Consult the center or local authorities
for proper disposal procedures. Should be transported/delivered using a
registered waste carrier for recycling or waste disposal in accordance
with local regulations.
14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION
Bulk (20.5MTS/container)
Proper Shipping Name: None
Hazards Class: None
I.D. No.: None
Packing Group: None
Report Quantity: N/A
Label(s): None
Quantity Limitations: None
Drum (¡Ü18.4MTS per container, 80 drums/container; 200kg/drum,
or 225kg/drum, or 230kg/drum)
Proper Shipping Name: Dimethyl Sulfoxide
Hazard Class: None
I.D. No.: None
Packing Group: None
ICAO-International Civil Aviation Organization Status: unregulated
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IATA-International Air Transport Agency Status: unregulated
IMDG-International Marine Dangerous Goods Status: unregulated
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
WHMIS (Canada) Ingredient Disclosure List: Listed
WHMIS9 (Canada) Status: Regulated
WHMIS (Canada) Hazard Classification: None
IARC-International Agency for Research on Cancer Carcinogenicity Classification
(Components present at 0.1% or more): Not listed
ATP-American Toxicology Program: Listed
TSCA-US Toxic Substance Control Act: Listed
EINEC-European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances: Listed
AIC-Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances: Listed
Japanese Handbook of Existing and New Chemical Substances: Listed
USAGE OF DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE
OIL PROCESSING
For extraction of aromatic hydrocarbon, the earlist method of DMSO used is IFP, France. It¡¯s advantage as follow: (1) The selectivity to aromatic is high; (2) At the normal temperature, solvent with aromatic is unlimited;(3)The extraction temperature is low, and it can¡¯t react with alkanes, olefin hydrocarbon and water; (4) It has no corrosion, no toxicity; (5) Extraction process is easy, it needn¡¯t many equipment and the equipment consume is low; (6)Disolvented in olefin hydrocarbon, it fit with extracting .The oil that with a high quality of alkene; (7)It can use back-extract in solvent recovery. The IFP method is superior to sulfinol method Brand Ke Ltd. and udex method Round the World Ltd., it was used in Beijing , Liaoyang Petroleum Chemical Ltd. when they pushed into devices.
DMSO disolvent with alkanes , so it can used in purification for food wax and edible vashoil and in detection for carcinogen.
DMSO solvent with acetylene is easy, the solution rate is 33L, but the solution rate of acetone solvent with acetylene is 25L. The boiling point of DMSO is high, recovered and reclaimed is easy, so it can used in acetylene recover of petroleum gas and the product of solvent acetylene.
DMSO solvent with organic sulfide, aromatic hydrocarbon is easy, so it always in purification of lobe oil and diesel oil refining. At -60¡æ, if water content is 40%, DMSO doesn¡¯t freeze, so DMSO can used as antifreezing agent of petrol, steamboat coal antifreezing agent and the automobile in high cold area. As reactionary solvent during the production of dicyclopentadienyl iron which is fuel oil additives, it can faster the reactivity of cyclopentadienyl sodium dimer and iron trichloride, and higher the yield. During the production of nitro-alkanes, the reaction of sodium nitrite and chlorinated alkane in DMSO is directly, and with a high yield. Recently, there are many reports about the new use of DMSO in oil processing, especially used in industrial production of diesel oil refining in foreign.
SYNTHETIC FIBER
Japan Rayon Co., Ltd. is the first that used DMSO in filature of acylic fiber, and it already applied for patent. Acrylonitrile polymerize in DMSO, it needn¡¯t separated, die-spinning in water-bath directly, it will get canital which is fluffy soft and died easily. Technology reduce, high solubility, high solvent boiling point, notoxicity, recovery easy, good product characteristic and low cost are its advantages. The technology is used in Yuci, Dalian, Beijing Qinghe Acrylic Fiber Plant in our country. Recently, it used the technology that used actylonitrile to produce carbon fiber. In foreign, that used it to refine ester biphthalate during the production of poly . Others, it used DMSO to spinning during the production of chlorine poly and acrylonitrile block poly merization.
MEDICAL PROFESSION
As solvent of chemical reaction, DMSO used wildly in medicine intermediate synthetic, such as potassium fluoride react with 3-dichloro-4-nitro benzene in DMSO to produce chloroflouro aniline, then it used wildly in production of lexinor and medicine within fluor such as triffuormethyl nitrobenzene of loxacin. Others, DMSO used wildly in synthetic of berberine, sucrose fatty acid ester and traditional chinese medicine .
To much medicine, it has dissolubility and osmosis, it can diminish inflammation, relieve pain, promote blood cycle and to heal would. It also can diuresis and calm, increase medical absorption and curative effect, so it gived the name ¡~{!c~}all purpose medicine¡~{!@~} in foreign. All kinds of medicine solvent in DMSO, it needn¡¯t oral taking and injection, osmosize to human body through the scin, it push a new way for hinge. The more important thing is increase the content of local medicine in illness area, reduce the medical harmness to another organs in human body.
There are many reports about DMSO used in medical treatment in overseas, our country had been carried on toxicology inspection and pathology dissection testify in 1960¡¯s by Shenyang pharmacy college, Beijing Medicine Research Institute and Chinese Medicine Inspection Center. The half-fatal dose LD50=22.14 1.4g/kg, it consistent in document report in foreign, no toxicity and it accord with pathology dissection. Solvented sarcolysine,B518, c6323 in DMSO by Beijing Medicine Research Institute, then spread on local tumour, it will get good curative effect, restrain tumour growing abriously. At the time of animal experiment. Through dissection test, the medicine concentration in local is 2-8 times than it in other organs.
Research considered in foreign that cancer cell have a sheet of cutie protecting film, obstruct medicine enter it, DMSO can dissolve and permeate cutin, so it can increase curative effect. There are 160 medical treatment units such as Beijing Xiehe Hospital had clinical experiment in 1960¡¯s, and accumulated a lot of dates. Practice proved that it have curative effect to neurotic dermatitis, psoriasis, arthritis,, follicular, rheumatoid , burn and trauma. It used wildly in the production of external preparation in some hospitals. DMSO solvent ¡~{!c~}Parsi¡~{!@~} to cure parasite sick by chinese academy of sciences reterinary surge-on research institute. Espercialy in traditional chinese medicine extractant, DMSO can increase the content of cutive principle and medicine effect.
PESTICIDE, FARM MANURE
DMSO use as solvent, penetrant and synergist of pesticide, farm manure. According to foreign report, solvent antibiotic in DMSO therapy rottenness of fruit tree, solvent insecticide in DMSO can kill the root of eating the core in trees and fruits. It can increase the production 10%-15% that used 0.5%o solvent at the period of flowers of bean; it can used as leaf manure that add 5%o DMSO in all kinds of fertilizer water solution. But it also reported, add DMSO in pesticide can cause body poisoning.
It was used in fungi ill in fruit tree in our country. During the experiment on plant, use impermeable medicine and dry to make up DMSO water solution, smear on trunk after 12h, it was found that it content or color in leaf, stem, fruit, detect after 24h again, the result has disappeared, it explained the medicine, coloring matter can expel through metabolism by permeate and circulate. The character of DMSO shows the usage foreground in agriculture. We await the research of DMSO after future.
ORGANIC SYNTHETIC
DMSO use as reaction solvent and material during the chemical traction, to some reaction can¡¯t realize, it go on smoothly in DMSO. It can accelerate and catalysis some reaction, raise collection efficiently, change production performance.
1. Nucleophilic substitution reaction. DMSO use as nucleophilic dissociation solvent for alkylogen
and sulfonate, it can product affixtrue the reaction rate faster 100000 than nonprotolytic solvent. It own important place in alkylate reaction.
It uneasy reaction that use alkylogen and inorganics cyanide to product nitrile, but its reaction speed
is Faster in DMSO and have a high collection efficiency. It has the same result that sodium nitrite react with alkylogen or ~{!'~}Chalogen easily turn to nitro.
To produce arene fluoride use s-watrs reaction is uneasy, but it easy to produce metathetical reaction that potassium fluoride react with chlorarene in DMSO, and produce fluoravene which productive rate is high. Chlorolyclohexane react with potash chloride in DMSO will produce chlorine comutation. Its needn¡¯t heated to produce benzene-tert-ether that brombenzene react with potassium tert-butoxide in DMSO.
2. Eliminate reaction
Binzalcoho react with fatty tertiary alcohol to produce alkene in DMSO. Xanthation and
alkylogen were heated in DMSO to produce alkene. At the ambient temperature, cope eliminate reaction go on easily in DMSO and its reaction speed is faster 105 than it in water.
3. Electrophilic substitution reaction
Some electrophilic substitution reaction at saturated carbon atom can go on faster in DMSO. Such
as during enol sodium ester is alkylated in benzene using alkylogen, add 0.65mol/L DMSO, the reaction rate can raised 5 times. Using hydrochloric acid, the reaction of alkyl mercury produce alkane in DMSO can faster 20times than in dioxopyranose. At the catalytic action of alcal, the comutation rate of organic middle-hydrogen-deuterium in DMSO is 109 higher than in alcohol. The racemism rate of a-carbon in DMSO is 106 higher than in tert-butyl alcohol.
4. Double bond transforming
Potassium tert-butoxide is catalyzed in DMSO will produce double bond transforming . The
reaction can go on homogeneous phase at subambient temperature.
5. Other reaction
There is many reports about reaching DMSO used for reaction dissolvant. It has accelerate action in
DMSO, such as quaterisation of triethylamine and ethyl iodide; interesterification of higher fatty acid and acylylycerol: esterify of unreducing sugar with sodium alcoholate occurrence ethylizing of alcohol lyanogen catalysis action of carbanil react with mercaptan. DMSO also can used as reaction disolvant in ester condensation and heavy polymerization. Generaly, DMSO push a new pathway in chemical preparation, there is a new change-chance in inorganic reaction and organic synthetic, faster the reactivity, higher the yield, prepare many new matter, DMSO not only using as solvent but becoming a new means of chemical reaction. It has important meaning in theory and practice.
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